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Kelowna First Aid
Courses offered OFA level 1 equivalent WEFA , Standard First Aid, Child Care First Aid , Emegency First Aid at Kelowna First Aid Training Centers
Training Facility located in the sunny okanagan of bc group training available upon request contact one of our helpful representatives for more details.
Kelowna first aid course Kelowna cpr red cross courses call to register child care first aid, emergency first aid, standard first aid or cpr and wcb courses 250.878.6690 http://kelownafirstaid.com/ or http://www.okanaganfirstaid.com/
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First Aid Minor Wounds
kelowna first aid
One of the first matters to address with minor wounds is cleansing the wound.[3,8] Cleansing is important for incisions that are caused by sharp objects, such as knives or broken glass. However, it is even more critical in abrasion injuries, in which the skin’s outer layers have been scraped away by abrasion against a rough object, such as when elbows and arms scrape against pavement during a skateboard fall. If the abrasion occurred on a surface that contains loose materials, the wound is likely to be contaminated with gravel, dirt, grass, and other foreign substances. Each foreign object remaining may serve as a source of infection and should be removed.
The wound can be washed with tap water under enough pressure to thoroughly cleanse the wound of foreign materials. Wound Wash Saline is a pressurized sterile 0.9% sodium chloride product that can accomplish this cleansing for minor wounds.
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Frostbite is, literally, frozen body tissue — usually skin but sometimes deeper — and must be handled carefully to prevent permanent tissue damage.
Kids are at greater risk for frostbite than adults, both because they lose heat from their skin more rapidly than adults and because they may be reluctant to leave their winter fun to go inside and warm up.
You can help prevent frostbite in cold weather by dressing kids in layers, making sure they come indoors at regular intervals, and watching for frostnip, frostbite’s early warning signal.
Frostnip usually affects areas that are exposed to the cold, such as the cheeks, nose, ears, fingers, and toes, leaving them red and numb or tingly. Frostnip can be treated at home.
Frostbite is characterized by white, waxy skin that feels numb and hard. It requires immediate emergency medical attention.
Vernon first aid course Vernon cpr red cross courses call to register child care first aid, emergency first aid, standard first aid or cpr and wcb courses 250.878.6690 http://www.okanaganfirstaid.com/ or http://kelownafirstaid.com/
The brain is made of soft tissue and is cushioned by spinal fluid. It is encased in the hard, protective skull. The brain can move around inside the skull and even bang against it. If the brain does bang against the skull — for example, if a child hits his or her head on the sidewalk — the brain can get bruised, blood vessels can be torn, and the nerves inside the brain can be injured. These injuries can lead to a concussion, which is the temporary loss of brain function.
There are three different types, or grades, of concussions. The severity of a concussion determines the length of time needed before a player can safely return to sports activities:
Head injuries that result in concussions can be caused by car, bike, and motorcycle accidents; falls; assaults; and contact sports (football, ice hockey, volleyball, lacrosse, basketball, wrestling, field hockey, rugby, soccer, softball, baseball, etc.).
Kelowna First Aid, Vernon First Aid, Penticton First Aid, Kamloops First Aid, Peachland first aid, Westbank First Aid, West Kelowna First Aid
When a child is choking, it means that an object — usually food or a toy — is lodged in the trachea (the airway) and is keeping air from flowing normally into or out of the lungs.
The trachea is usually protected by a small flap of cartilage called theepiglottis. The trachea and the esophagus share an opening at the back of the throat, and the epiglottis acts like a lid, snapping shut over the trachea each time a person swallows. It allows food to pass down the esophagus and prevents it from going down the trachea.
But every once in a while, the epiglottis doesn’t close fast enough and an object can slip into the trachea. This is what happens when something goes “down the wrong pipe.”
Most of the time, the food or object only partially blocks the trachea and it’s likely that it will be coughed up and that breathing will be restored easily. A child who seems to be choking and coughing but is still able to breathe and talk probably will recover unassisted. It can be uncomfortable and upsetting, but the child is generally fine after a few seconds.
Sometimes, though, an object can get into the trachea and completely block the airway. If airflow into and out of the lungs is blocked, and the brain is deprived of oxygen, choking can become a life-threatening emergency.
A child may be choking and need help right away if he or she:
In those cases, immediately start abdominal thrusts the standard rescue procedure for choking, if you’ve been trained to do it properly.
Choose from Standard / Child Care / Emergency First Aid & CPR / AED
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It is not necessary to have all of the signs for it to be an allergy. If you suspect an allergic reaction and the victim has trouble breathing or dizziness, it is probably anaphylaxis.Call 911 immediately if you suspect anaphylaxis.
Debbie Woo – First Aid Instructor
debbiewoo@okanaganfirstaid.com
On my way to an About.com gathering in New York City last week, I watched an episode of Dr. Oz’s show on the headrest of the airplane seat in front of me. Actually, I didn’t watch the whole thing, just the part about saving lives.
Dr. Oz invited a paramedic affiliated with the American Heart Association to come on the show and teach audience members how to do the Heimlich maneuver, how to do CPR (only chest compressions) and how to use an AED.
Overall, I really liked the segment. CPR for adults doesn’t need to take very long, and Oz and the paramedic were able to burn out these three life-saving tools in less than 15 minutes — as well as a short video from a hidden camera showing diners at a restaurant NOT responding to a choking victim.
I especially want to applaud using the paramedic to teach all three of these. Dr. Oz might be a cardiologist, but I’d venture a paramedic with a career as long as his has done quite a bit more CPR than he has.
I have a critique and a comment about this segment. The comment is just a point that slapping the back of a choking victim is always skipped in segments like this. There’s very little — if any — evidence to support that. Indeed, so little evidence that the American Red Cross has added back slapping back into its recommendations as has the European equivalent of the American Heart Association.
The critique has to do with the AED portion. Dr. Oz and the paramedic showed how to use the AED after they showed how to do chest compressions. Unfortunately, it gave the impression that using the AED and doing CPR are two different actions. They are, but they only work together. The AED doesn’t always shock and if it doesn’t, then CPR needs to be done.
I liked the segment, but if you really want to know about saving lives, take a true CPR class. Shows like Dr. Oz are really good at demonstrating what we should all know, but you can’t get what you need from passively watching a television show (or from reading a website). You need to get down on the floor and start pushing on the manikin’s chest.
One more thing: during the part on doing chest compressions, Dr. Oz told the audience to point to someone and order that person to call 911. That’s good advice, but I’ll take it one step further — tell the 911 caller what to say. There have been a few 911 calls from people who don’t know why they are calling. They just know that someone told them to call. Give specifics. “You call 911 and tell them a woman has collapsed” is better than “you call 911.”
But, did you know that Christmas trees are involved in about 300 fires annually, resulting in an average of 10 deaths, 40 injuries and about $7 million in property damage and loss? To prevent tragedy from happening in your home, take the following tips to safely choosing and caring for your Christmas tree.
Reference: National Safety Council Web site, “Christmas Tree Tips”, accessed 12/07/2005. CPSC, Consumer Product Safety Commission press release # 06-046, 12/8/2005.
A disposable BVM Resuscitator
A bag valve mask (also known as a BVM or Ambu bag) is a hand-held device used to provide positive pressure ventilation to a patient who is not breathing or who is breathing inadequately. The device is a normal part of a resuscitation kit for trained professional, such as ambulance crew. The BVM is frequently used in hospitals, and is an essential part of a crash cart. The device is used extensively in the operating room to ventilate an anaesthetised patient in the minutes before a mechanical ventilator is attached. The device is self-filling with air, although additional oxygen (O2) can be added.
Use of the BVM to ventilate a patient is frequently called “bagging” the patient.[1] Bagging is regularly necessary in medical emergencies when the patient’s breathing is insufficient (respiratory failure) or has ceased completely (respiratory arrest). The BVM resuscitator is used in order to manually provide mechanical ventilation in preference to mouth-to-mouth resuscitation (either direct or through an adjunct such as a pocket mask).
The BVM directs the gas inside it via a one-way valve when compressed by a rescuer; the gas is then delivered through a mask and into the patient’s trachea, bronchus and into thelungs. In order to be effective, a bag valve mask must deliver between 500 and 800 milliliters of air to the patient’s lungs, but if oxygen is provided through the tubing and if the patient’s chest rises with each inhalation (indicating that adequate amounts of air are reaching the lungs), 400 to 600 ml may still be adequate.[1] Squeezing the bag once every 5 seconds for an adult or once every 3 seconds for an infant or child provides an adequate respiratory rate (12 respirations per minute in an adult and 20 per minute in a child or infant).[3]
Professional rescuers are taught to ensure that the mask portion of the BVM is properly sealed around the patient’s face (that is, to ensure proper “mask seal”); otherwise, air escapes from the mask and is not pushed into the lungs. In order to maintain this protocol, some protocols use a method of ventilation involving two rescuers: one rescuer to hold the mask to the patient’s face with both hands and ensure a mask seal, while the other squeezes the bag.[4] However, as most ambulances have only two members of crew, the other crew member is likely to be doing compressions in the case of CPR, or may be performing other skills such as cannulation. In this case, or if no other options are available, the BVM can also be operated by a single rescuer who holds the mask to the patient’s face with one hand, in the anaesthetists grip, and squeezes the bag with the other.
When using a BVM, as with other methods of positive pressure ventilation, there is a risk of over-inflating the lungs. This can lead to pressure damage to the lungs themselves, and can also cause air to enter the stomach, causing gastric distention which can make it more difficult to inflate the lungs and which can cause the patient to vomit. This can be avoided by care on behalf of the rescuer. Alternatively, some models of BVM (usually Paediatric) are fitted with a valve which prevents over inflation, by venting the pressure when a pre-set pressure is reached. Nevertheless, cricoid pressure should be applied whenever possible until the patient is intubated or until ventilations have ceased.
An endotracheal tube (ETT) can be inserted by a trained practitioner and can substitute for the mask portion of the BVM. This provides a more secure fit and is easier to manage during emergency transport, since the ET tube is sealed with an inflatable cuff in the trachea, so that any regurgitation cannot enter the lungs. Such material can severely damage the lung tissue, and in the absence of an ET tube, could choke the patient by obstructing the airway. Inhalation of stomach contents can be fatal; the after effects can cause Mendelson’s syndrome or aspiration pneumonia.
Some rescuers may also choose to use a different form of resuscitation adjunt, such as an oropharyngeal airway or Laryngeal mask airway, which would be inserted and then used with the BVM.
In a hospital, long-term mechanical ventilation is provided by using more complex devices such as an intensive care ventilator, rather than by a BVM, which requires at least one person to operate it constantly.
A flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FROPVD) is similar to a BVM in that oxygen is pushed through a mask into the patient’s lungs, but unlike a BVM, in the FROPVD the pressure needed to push air into the patient’s lungs is generated by oxygen via a pressure regulator from a cylinder rather than by squeezing a bag.
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