Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency medical procedure for a victim of cardiac arrest or, in some circumstances, respiratory arrest CPR is performed in hospitals, or in the community by lay persons or by emergency response professionals.
For 50 years CPR has consisted of the combination of artificial blood circulation with artificial respiration i.e., chest compressions and lung ventilation. However, in March 2008 the american heart association and the european resuscitation council , in a reversal of policy, endorsed the effectiveness of chest compressions alone–without artificial respiration–for adult victims who collapse suddenly in cardiac arrest (see Cardiocerebral Resuscitation below). CPR is generally continued, usually in the presence of advanced life support (such as from a medical team or paramedics), until the patient regains a heart beat (called “return of spontaneous circulation” or “ROSC”) or is declared dead.
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